Boiler construction



April 3, 1934. J. J. CAIN BOILER CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 16, 1931 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 @ENTOR a WL- BY ATTORNEY April 3, 1934. J. J. CAIN BOILER CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 16, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY .1. J. CAIN 1,953,588

BOILER CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 16, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 April 3, 1934.

NTOR

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 3, 1934 UNITED STATES BOILER CONSTRUCTION John J. Cain,

Bayonne, N. J.

Application September 16, 1931, Serial No. 563,091

18 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in boiler constructions and the principal object is the provision of a boiler which is simple in construction, readily built and assembled and repaired and of maximum efficiency.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, this invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and then sought to be defined in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof and which show, merely for the purpose of illustrative disclosure, a preferred embodiment of my invention, it being expressly understood, however, that various changes may be made in practice within the scope of the claims without digressing from my inventive idea.

In the drawings- Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a boiler construction with parts broken away and parts in section to facilitate the dis closure.

Figure 2 is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view taken substantially on line 22 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 represents a front elevation with parts broken away and parts in section to facilitate the disclosure.

Referring now to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the outside casing which is substantially rectangular or square in cross section in both directions. In the illustration the boiler is designed to be equipped with an oil burner which is indicated generally by the reference character 2, but it is to be understood that other burners and general fuels may be used. The boiler construction includes the rear or back upright vertical headers 3 and the front vertical upright headers 4 which are secured to and supported upon suitable bracket members 5 located in the front and rear corners of the boiler structure. These upright corner headers are connected by a series of pair of water tubes 6. The rear upright headers 3 are connected by a suitable box '7 near their lower ends and this box 7 supports the main series of vertical rear headers 8 which are suitably connected thereto by the nipple constructions 9. The front corner headers 4 are connected by a box 10 located above the firebox and the full series of vertical front headers 11 are supported upon said box 10 and connected thereto by the nipple constructions 12.

All of these front headers 11 are formed with offset portions 13 so that the pairs of tube holes 14 are arranged in staggered relation. The rear Q headers 8 are also provided with offset portions 13 to receive the perforated pipes or tubes later to be described. The offset portions 13 of adjacent headers are arranged in contact with each other so as to provide a series of spaces 15 therebetween where the corresponding inset portions 16 of the headers are opposed to each other. These spaces are arranged in staggered or echelon formation throughout the boiler construction. By providing these spaces 15 it is possible to remove and replace old tubes without forcing them through the tube holes as is the usual practice now. The rear headers 8 are provided with offset portions which are so arranged as to form spaces in alinement with spaces 15.

The rear corner headers 3 and the rear headers 8 are connected to the horizontally arranged top headers 17 and 17, respectively, which are positioned near the top of the boiler construction and are suitably connected by a nipple construction or otherwise to a transversely arranged horizontal box 18. This box in turn is connected by a plurality of pipes or conduits 19 to the water and steam drum 20 which is located in the front top part of the boiler construction and to which the front corner headers 4 and front headers 11 are connected by nipple constructions 21. This water and steam drum is provided with a connection 22 for auxiliaries, connection 23 for safety valve and a connection 24 from which pipe or conduit 25 leads to one end of a superheater construction 26 positioned at the front of the boiler. This superheater construction is preferably in the form of a pair of horizontally arranged end boxes 27 connected by a plurality of pairs of tubes 28, upper and lower elements being provided and connected by means of nipple constructions 29. A baffle or diaphragm 30 is provided in the boxes to cause the steam to travel back and forth through the superheater which has the superheated steam outlet 31 at one end.

A plurality of sets of curved tubes 33 extend from the front headers 11 up to the top headers 1'7 which as shown are preferably considerably shorter than the full depth of the boiler as a whole and substantially correspond in length to the short front headers 11. The rear end headers 3 have a series of curved tubes 34 leading from the upper portions thereof to the front portions of the top headers 17, these tubes being, of course, much shorter than the curved tubes 33 just described. The top headers 17 and 17' are also formed with offset portions to provide spaces therebetween for insertion and removal of pipes.

The water line is indicated at 35. It is therefore seen that a large steam dome space is provided in the upper part of the curved tubes 33, 34, the top headers 17 and 17 and top box 18, as well as the upper portion of the water and steam drum 20, and that each of the tubes 33 and 34 opens individually into the top headers 17 and 17. It is to be noted that tubes 33 and 34 are bent substantially at right angles.

A baffle member 26 is provided above the horizontal portions of tubes 33 and below superheater 26 to deflect the products of combustion and direct them to the tubes 33 and 34 of the boiler proper. The superheater 26 is positioned between the vertical portions of tubes 33 and the steam and water drum 20 and below top headers 1'7 and 17' so that the products of combustion pass to the superheater 26 after having passed tubes 33 and 34.

I may position an elongated pipe or tube 36 in each of certain of the spaces 15 between adjoining headers. These tubes may be perforated and extend into the space between the casing and the headers and may also extend outside of the casing as indicated at 3'7. These pipes or tubes act as baffles to retard the passage of the products of combustion. These tubes also provide means for supplying warm or heated air or oxygen to assist in the combustion by mixing the same with the products of combustion and conduct away the heated air between the casing and the headers.

I have not shown any handhole or tube hole fittings in the drawings, but it is to be understood, of course, that they may be provided where necessary to assist in the cutting out and removing of worn or defective tubes. This operation is especially facilitated by the arrangement of the tubes in pairs and the construction and arrangement of the headers to provide the spaces 15. This gives ample room for the ready removal and replacement of any tubes necessary.

What I claim is:

' l. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, upright corner headers therein, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, boxes-connecting the front headers together and the rear headers together, aseries of front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs connecting said front headers and certain of said top headers and tubes connecting said corner upright headers and said end top headers.

2. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, upright corner headers therein, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, boxes connecting the front headers together and the rear headers together, a series of front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs connecting said front headers with said top headers and tubes connecting said corner rear headers and said top headers, certain of the tubes being curved so that their ends are at approximately right angles to each other.

3. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, upright corner headers therein, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, boxes connecting the front headers together and the rear headers together, a seriesof front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality' of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs connecting said front headers with said top headers and tubes connecting said corner rear headers and said top headers, said front and rear headers being formed with offset and inset portions, the adjacent headers being so arranged that the offse portion of one is positioned adjacent the offset portions of the other and inset portions of the adjacent headers form a substantial space therebetween.

4. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, upright corner headers therein, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, bo es connecting the front headers together and the rear headers together, a series of front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs connecting said front headers With said top headers and tubes connecting said corner rear headers and said top headers, said front and rear headers being formed with offset and inset portions, the adjacent headers being so arranged that the offset portion of one is positioned adjacent the offset portions of the other and inset portions of the adjacent headers form a substantial space therebetween, and removable baffle members positioned in said spaces.

5. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, upright corner headers therein, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, boxes connecting the front headers together and the rear headers together, a series of front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in. pairs connecting said front headers with said top headers and tubes connecting said corner rear headers and said top head-- ers said front and rear headers being formed 1.

with offset and inset portions, the adjacent headers being so arranged that the offsetportionof one is positioned adjacent the offset portions of the other and insert portions of the adjacent headers form a substantial space therebetween, and means for conducting heated air to said spaces.

6. A boiler construction, including in combi nation, a casing, upright corner headers there-- in, tubes connecting the front and rear corner headers, boxes connecting the front headers together and the roar headers together, a series of front headers supported on the front box and a series of rear headers supported on the rear box, a plurality of top headers and a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs comiecting said front headers with said top headers and tubes connecting said corner rear headers and said top headers, said front and rear headers being formed with offset and inset portions, the adjacent headers being so arranged that the offset portion of one is positioned adjacent the offset portions of the other and inset portions of the adjacent headers form a substantial space therebetween, removable perforated tubes located in said spaces and serving as baflie members to retard the passage of the products of combustion and also serving as means to supply heated air and mix the same with the products of combustion.

7. A boiler construction having a casing which is substantially rectangular in cross section both longitudinally and transversely and having an upright header in each corner with a box connecting the front corner headers and another box connecting the rear corner headers, a series of rear headers supported upon the rear box and a series of front headers supported upon the front box, a plurality of short top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and having direct communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, and a plurality of tubes connecting the outer front headers with the outer rear headers and other tubes connecting the other front headers and the outer rear headers with said short top headers.

8. A boiler construction having a casing which is substantially rectangular in cross section both longitudinally and transversely, and having an upright header in each corner with a box connecting the front corner headers and another box connecting the rear corner headers, a series of rear headers supported upon the rear box and a series of front headers supported upon the front box, a plurality of short top headers, a Water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and having direct communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the front corner headers with the rear corner headers, tubes connecting the other front headers with certain of said top headers, tubes connecting the corner rear headers with said end top headers, and a superheater construction located between said top headers and said drum and communicating with said drum.

9. A boiler construction having a casing which is substantially rectangular in cross section both longitudinally and transversely, and having an upright header in each corner with a box connecting the front corner headers and another box connecting the rear corner headers, a series of rear headers supported upon the rear box and a series of front headers supported upon the front box, a plurality of short top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and having direct communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the front corner headers with the rear corner headers, tubes connecting the other front headers with certain of said top headers, and a superheater construction located between said top headers and said drum and communicating with said drum, said superheater construction comprising end boxes, a plurality of tubes connecting said boxes and arranged in pairs, and a baffle or diaphragm positioned in said end boxes to cause the circulation of the steam entirely through the superheater construction.

10. A boiler construction having a casing which is substantially rectangular in cross section both longitudinally and transversely, and having an upright header in each corner with a box connecting the front corner headers and another box connecting the rear corner headers, a series of rear headers supported upon the rear box and a series of front headers supported upon the front box, a plurality of short top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and having direct communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the front corner headers with the rear corner headers, tubes connecting the other front headers with certain of said top headers, and a superers with the rear corner headers, a box connecting the rear corner headers together and positioned near the lower end thereof, a box connecting the front corner headers together located in an intermediate position with respect thereto, a plurality of rear headers mounted upon and communicating with the rear box and a plurality of short top headers, a plurality of short front headers mounted upon and in communication with said front box, a combined water and steam drum located in the front portion of the casing and communicating with said front headers, said top headers communicating with said water and steam drum, a plurality of tubes connecting said front headers with certain of said top headers and other tubes connecting the rear corner headers to other of said top headers, said last mentioned tubes being curved or bent at an angle of approx mately degrees.

12. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing substantially rectangular in both longitudinal and transverse cross section, upright headers located in each corner thereof, a plurality of tubes connecting the front corner headers with the rear corner headers, a box connecting the rear corner headers together and positioned near the lower end thereof, a box connecting the front corner headers together located in an intermediate position with respect thereto, a plurality of rear headers mounted upon and communicating with the rear box and a plurality of short top headers a plurality of short front headers mounted upon and in communication with said front box, a combined Water and steam drum located in the front portion of the casing and communicating with said front headers, said top headers communicating with said water and steam drum, a plurality of tubes connecting said front headers and certain of said top headers and other tubes connecting the rear corner headers to said top headers, said last mentioned tubes being curved or bent at an angle of approximately 90 degrees, the bent tubes connecting the front headers with the top headers being of substantially greater length than the bent tubes which connect the rear headers with the top headers.

13. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing substantially rectangular in both longitudinal and transverse cross section, upright headers located in each corner thereof, a plurality of tubes connecting the front corner headers with the rear corner headers, a box connecting the rear corner headers together and positioned near the lower end thereof, a box connecting the front corner headers together located in an intermediate position with respect thereto, a plurality of headers mounted upon and communicating with the rear box a plurality of short top headers, a plurality of short front headers mounted upon and in communication with said front box, a combined water and steam drum located in the front portion of the casing and communicating with said front headers, said top headers communicating with said water and steam drum, a plurality of tubes connecting said front headers and certain of said top headers other tubes connecting the rear corner headers to said top headers, said last mentioned tubes being curved or bent at an angle of approximately 90 degrees, and a superheater construction located between the water and steam drum and the bent portions of said tubes, said superheater construction communicating with the upper portion of said drum.

14. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, a plurality of front and rear headers therein, a plurality of top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and in communication with said front headers and with said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the outer front headers with the outer rear headers and a plurality of tubes connecting the other front headers with corresponding top headers and tubes for connecting the outer rear headers with corresponding top headers, and a superheater construction located between said top headers and said drum and communicating with said drum.

15. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, a plurality of front and rear headers therein, a plurality of top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and in communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, and a plurality of tubes connecting said outer front headers with the outer rear headers and other tubes connecting the other front and outer rear headers with the top headers, said water and steam drum being so positioned that the water line extends through an intermediate part of said drum and through the upper portion of said rear headers and the tubes which communicate with said top headers so as to provide a large steam space above the water line, the steam space including the said top headers and the upper portions of said rear headers and said tubes and a portion of said drum.

16. A boiler construction having a casing which is substantially rectangular in cross section both longitudinally and transversely and having an upright header in each corner with a box connecting the front corner headers and another box connecting the rear corner headers, a series of rear headers supported upon the rear box and a series of front headers supported upon the front box, a plurality of top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and having direct communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, and a plurality of tubes connecting the end front headers with the end rear headers, tubes connecting certain of the remaining front headers with said intermediate top headers and tubes connecting the rear corner headers with said end top headers.

1'7. A boiler construction, including in combination, a casing, a plurality of front and rear headers therein, a plurality of top headers, a water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and in communication with said front headers and with said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the end front headers with end rear headers, a plurality of tubes connecting certain of the front headers with certain of said top headers, a plurality of tubes connecting the end rear headers with said end top headers, and a super-heater construction located between said top headers and said drum and communicating with said drum.

18. A boiler construction, including in combina tion, a casing, a plurality of front and rear headers therein, a plurality of top headers, a Water and steam drum located in the front upper portion of the boiler construction and in communication with said front headers, the upper portion of said drum having communication with said top headers, and a plurality of tubes connecting said end front headers with said end rear headers, tubes connecting said intermediate front headers with saidintermediate top headers, and other tubes connecting the end rear headers with the end top headers, said water and steam drum being so positioned that the water line extends through an intermediate part of said drum and through the upper portion of said rear headers and the tubes which communicate with said top headers so as to provide a large steam space above the water JOHN J. CAIN.

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